Organic Alternatives to Chemical Fertilizer

Abstract

     The production and distribution of chemical nitrogen for use as agricultural fertilizer comprises between one and two percent o global fossil fuel consumption.  Though this direct contribution to energy use seems minimal, it is unnecessary and unsustainable.  On average, American farmers apply 24-34 percent more chemical nitrogen than is needed for optimal crop yields, thereby wasting 30-40 percent of all chemical nitrogen consumed.  Excess nitrogen leaches into ground water causing further environmental damage.